Cadmeo

Speed Converter

1 km/h =

0.62137119 mph

0.277778
m/s
1
km/h
0.621371
mph
0.911344
ft/s
0.539957
kn
0.000816273
Ma
9.2657e-10
c

The speed converter handles seven units including the two that trip people up: the knot, which is one nautical mile per hour rather than anything to do with statute miles, and Mach, which is not a fixed speed at all but a ratio to the local speed of sound.

How it works

Everything routes through metres per second. Most factors are exact by definition; the two exceptions are worth knowing about.

  • km/h to m/s is division by exactly 3.6, since a kilometre is 1,000 m and an hour is 3,600 s.
  • mph uses the exact mile of 1,609.344 m, giving 0.44704 m/s exactly.
  • A knot is one nautical mile per hour: 1,852 m divided by 3,600 s, also exact.
  • Mach is quoted at sea level and 15 °C, where sound travels at 340.3 m/s. At altitude it is considerably slower.
  • The speed of light is exactly 299,792,458 m/s. The metre is defined from it, not the other way round.

Examples

A motorway speed limit

Value

112

From

Kilometre per hour

To

Mile per hour

Result

69.593205 mph

112 km/h is the limit in much of Europe and converts to just under 70 mph, which is why the two are often treated as equivalent.

Knots to km/h

Value

1

From

Knot

To

Kilometre per hour

Result

1.852 km/h

Exactly 1.852, because a nautical mile is defined as exactly 1,852 metres. The tidy number is the definition, not a coincidence.

Frequently asked questions

Why is a knot not the same as a mile per hour?

Because it uses the nautical mile of 1,852 m rather than the statute mile of 1,609.344 m. A nautical mile is one minute of latitude, which makes navigation arithmetic straightforward at sea. One knot is about 1.15 mph.

Is Mach 1 a fixed speed?

No, and this is the common misconception. Mach is a ratio to the local speed of sound, which depends on air temperature. At sea level and 15 °C that is 340.3 m/s, but at cruising altitude the air is much colder and Mach 1 is closer to 295 m/s. The figure here is the sea-level standard.

Why is the speed of light an exact number?

Because the metre is defined from it. Since 1983 a metre has been the distance light travels in 1/299,792,458 of a second, which makes that figure exact by definition rather than measured.

What is the quick mental conversion between km/h and mph?

Multiply km/h by 0.6 for a rough mph figure, or by 5/8 for a closer one. 112 km/h × 0.625 gives 70, against the true 69.59, close enough for road signs.